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Science

Study Title
Magnesium Intake and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
Publication
Diabetes Care
Author(s)

Jia-Yi Dong, BSC, Pengcheng Xun, MD, PHD, Ka He, MD, SCD, and Li-Qiang Qin, MD, PHD

Abstract

OBJECTIVE—
Emerging epidemiological evidence suggests that higher magnesium intake may reduce diabetes incidence. We aimed to examine the association between magnesium intake and risk of type 2 diabetes by conducting a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—
We conducted a PubMed database search through January 2011 to identify prospective cohort studies of magnesium intake and risk of type 2 diabetes. Reference lists of retrieved articles were also reviewed. A random-effects model was used to compute the summary risk estimates.
RESULTS—
Meta-analysis of 13 prospective cohort studies involving 536,318 participants and 24,516 cases detected a significant inverse association between magnesium intake and risk of type 2 diabetes (relative risk [RR] 0.78 [95% CI 0.73–0.84]). This association was not substantially modified by geographic region, follow-up length, sex, or family history of type 2 diabetes. A significant inverse association was observed in overweight (BMI greater than or equal to 25 kg/m2) but not in normal-weight individuals (BMI less than 25 kg/m2), although test for interaction was not statistically significant (P interaction = 0.13). In the dose-response analysis, the summary RR of type 2 diabetes for every 100 mg/day increment in magnesium intake was 0.86 (95% CI 0.82–0.89). Sensitivity analyses restricted to studies with adjustment for cereal fiber intake yielded similar results. Little evidence of publication bias was observed.
CONCLUSIONS-
This meta-analysis provides further evidence supporting that magnesium intake is significantly inversely associated with risk of type 2 diabetes in a dose-response manner.

Date
September 1, 2011
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